Short-term treatment with saffron capsules showed efficacy similar to that reported with methylphenidate in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), according to results of a randomized double-blind study published in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology.
The researchers explain that ADHD is among the most common neuropsychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence. About 30% of patients do not respond to stimulants or cannot tolerate their adverse effects, making alternative treatment worth considering. This study compared the safety and efficacy of saffron (Crocus sativus) and methylphenidate in improving symptoms in children with ADHD.
The six-week randomized double-blind study enrolled 54 children aged 6–17 diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-5. Participants were randomly assigned to methylphenidate 20–30 mg daily (20 mg below 30 kg and 30 mg above 30 kg) or saffron capsules 20–30 mg daily according to weight (20 mg below 30 kg and 30 mg above 30 kg). Parents and teachers assessed ADHD-RS-IV (ADHD Rating Scale-IV) at baseline and after three and six weeks.
The study sample included 50 patients. No significant differences between groups were recorded in parent or teacher rating scores. Changes in ADHD Rating Scale scores from baseline to completion did not differ significantly between the saffron and methylphenidate groups. Adverse-effect frequency was also similar.
The researchers conclude that short-term saffron capsule treatment showed efficacy similar to methylphenidate in children with ADHD. Nevertheless, they call for larger controlled studies evaluating longer treatment periods.